urrently, the complexity, severity, and uncertainty of China's economic development environment are increasing, and the importance of stable industrial chain supply chains is highlighted. The impact of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is superimposed. The traditional basic materials industry urgently needs to gather scientific and technological forces, focus on the three modernizations and transformation of the steel and aluminum leading industries, comprehensively enhance the resilience of the two 100 billion level industrial chains of steel and aluminum, and deeply implement the project of supplementing, strengthening, and extending the chain, Safeguarding the steady progress and high-quality development of the steel and aluminum industry.
（1） The upstream strategic resource guarantee capacity is insufficient. Given the difficulty in changing the monopolistic pattern of the international iron ore market, China's dependence on foreign iron ore resources has exceeded 85%, and the supply guarantee ability of important strategic resources in the steel industry is very weak. The aluminum oxide and carbon anode required by the aluminum industry are all outsourced. The power supply cost advantage of self-provided power plants formed by relying on low-cost thermal coal in the surrounding areas also faces dual pressures of price increases and policy constraints.
（2） The technological innovation and development capacity of the midstream needs to be improved urgently. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of comprehensive strength and technological investment, the technological transformation and upgrading process of China's steel and aluminum industry has significantly accelerated. However, as the core intermediate environment of the entire industrial chain, steel smelting and processing still has great room and potential for improvement. The traditional advantages of enterprises such as large environmental capacity and low power generation costs have weakened, making the problems of single product structure, low end industrial structure, and insufficient sustainable development potential even more prominent. As a basic raw material manufacturing enterprise, its development is highly driven by technological innovation, but the accuracy and effectiveness of research and development investment are not high, and the linkage mechanism between production, education, research, and utilization needs to be strengthened.
（3） The downstream industry chain extension lacks depth and breadth. The extension of the industrial chain is the key to enhancing the value of the steel industrial chain. However, at present, iron and steel enterprises have not made significant breakthroughs and progress in extending the industrial chain across industries, and the integration and restructuring of the industrial chain across industries has not yet been formed. The extension scope of the iron and steel industry chain needs to be further expanded and strengthened.
